Description
CAR-T (chimeric antigens receptor-T) cell therapy is a breakthrough therapy of the twenty-first century for the management of different malignancies including lymphomas and leukemias.However, the clinical benefit observed in many patients may come at a cost.
In up to one-third of patients, significant toxicities occur that are directly associated with the induction of powerful immune effector responses.
The most frequently observed immune-mediated toxicities are cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome.Pathogenesis of CRS was found to be mediated by a hyperactivated immune response with an overproduction of inflammatory cytokinesm,include IL-1β,IL-2,IL-6,TNF-alpha,IFN-gamma and others.Considering the frequency of cytokine release syndrome after CAR-T administration, strategies enabling timely prediction of impending CRS are a clinical need.
ELISpot assays are highly reproducible and sensitive, and can be used to measure responses with frequencies well below 1 in 100,000,and the assay do not require prior in vitro expansion of T cells and they are suitable for high-throughput analysis using only small volumes of primary cells.
As such, ELISpot assays are useful tools for research in vaccine development, cytokine secretion and the monitoring of various clinical trials.
The Human TNF-alpha ELISPOT Kit is designed for the detection of Human TNF-alpha secreting cells at the single cell level and can be used to quantitate the frequency of Human TNF-alpha secreting cells